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Indra's Net and the Midas Touch (Thiele, 2011)
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The Case for Using Probabilistic Knowledge in a Computer Chess Program (John L. Jerz)
Resilience in Man and Machine

Leslie Paul Thiele
 
We live today in a global web of interdependence, connected technologically, economically, politically, and socially. As a result of these expanding and deepening interdependencies, it has become impossible fully to control--or foretell--the effects of our actions. The world is rife with unintended consequences. Wall Street's reckless investment in toxic assets recently produced massive defaults and a global economic recession. Our attachment to fossil energy is producing a climate default. The first law of human ecology--which declares that we can never do merely one thing--is a truth we ignore at our peril.
 
In Indra's Net and the Midas Touch, Leslie Paul Thiele explores the impact of interdependence and unintended consequences on our pursuit of sustainability. Unfortunately, good intentions provide no antidote to the law of unintended consequences, and proffered cures often prove worse than the disease. Biofuels developed for the purpose of reducing carbon emissions, for example, have had the unintended effect of cutting off food supplies to the needy and destroying rain forests. The challenge we face is to be ingenious and adaptive in our pursuit of sustainability. But we cannot simply invent our way out of our ecological and economic crisis. Rather, we must fundamentally transform our patterns of thinking and behavior.
 
Thiele offers the intellectual and moral foundations for this transformation, drawing from ecology, ethics, technology, economics, politics, psychology, physics, and metaphysics. Awareness of our interconnectedness, he writes, stimulates creativity and community; it is a profound responsibility and a blessing beyond measure.

p.2 Practical wisdom is a way of understanding that produces a better way of acting and a way of acting that stimulates deeper understanding.
 
p.3 As Theodore Roszak succinctly states, "Ecology is the study of connectedness."
 
p.4 The practice of right awareness is said to produce wisdom. For my purposes, it designates an attentiveness to relationships that fosters prudent interactions.
 
p.6 Indeed, resilience is precisely the capacity of a system to adapt to a world in flux without falling apart... At the same time, it must maintain its core relationships and values, lest it cease to be identifiable as that particular social or cultural system.
 
p.68-69 Absent practical know-how and correct desire established through habit, Aristotle insisted, theoretical knowledge proves rather powerless. It will not automatically lead to virtue, because one may know one thing but desire and do something else.
 
p.69 Phronesis is not simply knowledge; it is the capacity and disposition to put knowledge into practice.
 
p.69 The practically wise person acts flexibly, continuously adapting his behavior to the situation at hand. He does not simply apply a principle or rule to determine what is right or virtuous.
 
p.73 The community of life, however, is dynamic and evolving. It cannot be sustained by instituting a rigid, rule-based plan. Sustaining it demands practical wisdom and adaptive practices... Actions are ethically right, Leopold states, when they preserve the integrity and stability of the community; they are wrong otherwise.
 
p.90 To be practically wise is to know that you can never do merely one thing... On the web of life, every act has effects and side effects
 
p.90-91 Practical wisdom prompts us to address the question, "And then what?" before taking action... Every action... enters a web of relationships. Its effects ripple out in every direction... our... endeavours... may resound indefinitely.
 
p.160 Nature does not make permanent solutions. It simply evolves organisms and ecosystems that work well in particular contexts... To be sustainable, an economy must be resilient, and to be resilient, it must be adaptive.
 
p.184 the essence of action is not the attaining of fixed goals... [Hannah] Arendt insists that action truly occurs only when the instrumental pursuit of identifiable ends ceases. That is a puzzling statement.
 
p.187 In acting we are inviting others to respond. How they will respond, and how we will in turn respond to their responses, remains indeterminate.
 
p.187 The meaning of an action is not to be found in individual intentions or aspirations. Rather, the meaning of action is found in the responses it provokes. It is a product of what action does in the world.
 
p.188 In the end, the meaning of an action is less determined by its author's intentions than by the host of responses it stimulates. When acting in the political realm, we are initiating that which cannot be predetermined. We are partaking in what natural scientists call emergent behavior
 
p.189 To enter a narrative is to know relationships. Narratives display the relationships of parts to other parts and the relationships of parts to the whole.
 
p.191 The meaning of an action... congeals only through a retrospective narrative.
 
p.196 Action cannot find its justification or redemption in a final achievement because no one really knows when its work is done. An action enters the political world as a solicitation. The responses it provokes, and the actions these responses in turn stimulate, may continue to ripple across the web of a political community indefinitely.
 
p.220 The fuller and deeper one's imaginative inhabiting of diverse narratives, the more reasonable one's decision making... reasonableness is the capacity and disposition to entertain various passions and desires imaginatively... in scenarios where proposed actions have various effects and side effects.
 
p.222 Action is made meaningful by placing it within a narrative that gives it a context and purpose.
 
p.228 Virtues... are habitual behaviors we come to adopt for various reasons, only one of which is the conscious, well-thought-out, articulate response that we give when asked to explain our actions... you are what you do.
 
p.281 Experimentation may seem incongruent with sustainability. But in a world whose only certainty is change, adapting - at the proper scale and speed - is the only means to sustain what we value.

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